搭建Spring MVC 4开发环境八步走

Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品，自诞生之日，就受到广泛开发者的关注，如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上，如今如果再有开发者说，不了解Spring MVC，或许就被人笑掉大牙。煽情的话就不说了，先告诉大家如何搭建Spring MVC开发环境。

  

    （一）工作环境准备：

        JDK 1.7

        Eclipse Kepler

        Apache Tomcat 8.0

 

    （二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。

 

 

 

    （三）配置pom.xml。

 

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>   <groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>   <artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>   <packaging>war</packaging>   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>   <name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>        <properties>       <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>   </properties>       <dependencies>     <dependency>       <groupId>junit</groupId>       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>       <version>3.8.1</version>       <scope>test</scope>     </dependency>           <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>           <dependency>         <groupId>jstl</groupId>         <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>         <version>1.2</version>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>taglibs</groupId>         <artifactId>standard</artifactId>         <version>1.1.2</version>     </dependency>         </dependencies>   <build>     <finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>   </build> </project>

 

    （四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。

 

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">     <display-name>favspringmvcrestful</display-name>       <filter>         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>         <init-param>             <param-name>encoding</param-name>             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>         </init-param>         <init-param>             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>             <param-value>true</param-value>         </init-param>     </filter>     <filter-mapping>         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>     </filter-mapping>       <listener>         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>     </listener>       <servlet>         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>         <init-param>             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>             <param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>         </init-param>         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>     </servlet>     <servlet-mapping>         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>     </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

 

    （五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。

 

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">               <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>           <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>           <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">         <property name="viewClass"             value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />     </bean> </beans>

 

    （六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。

 

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package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;   import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map;   import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;   @Controller public class HelloController {           @RequestMapping("/greeting")     public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {          System.out.println("Hello " + name);          Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();          map.put("userName", name);          return new ModelAndView("/hello",map);     }        }

 

    （七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。

 

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Hello</title> </head> <body>     你好，${userName } </body> </html>

 

    （八）在浏览器中，输入访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/favspringmvcrestful/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3，运行效果如下：

 

    该例子仅仅是Spring MVC 4入门的一个简单例子，如果你想了解更多关于Spring MVC的信息，请持续关注本博客，同时欢迎读者留言评论。

 

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